Title: Managing emissions of active pharmaceutical ingredients from manufacturing facilities: An environmental quality standard approach 
Resource Type: document --> technical publication --> journal article 
Country: Sweden 
Year: 2012 
Availability: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. doi: 10.1002/ieam.1268 
Author 1/Producer: Murray-Smith, R. J., 
Other Authors/Producers: Coombe, V. T., Grönlund, M. H., Waern, F. and Baird, J. A. 
Author / Producer Type: Owners of land and water resources - Private Sector 
Article Weblink (=direct link): http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ieam.1268/full  
EUGRIS Keyword(s): Contaminated land-->Contaminants-->Others
Diffuse pollution-->Contaminants-->Pesticides
Water resources and their management -->Stresses, quality and ecological status
 
Short description: A recent study has considered the levels at which active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) residues are safe when released into water bodies from drug manufacturing plants. It proposes that environmental reference concentrations and maximum tolerable concentrations are adopted for each API. Pharmaceuticals and compounds derived from medicines have been found in the environment over recent decades using better detection techniques. The most widespread route by which they enter the environment is from sewage containing residues excreted by people who have taken medicines. In addition, unused medicines are frequently thrown away down toilets or sinks. A further source of pharmaceutical contamination are the effluents from drug manufacturing plants, The authors identify these as having the potential, if not controlled, to cause localised ‘hotspots’ of pharmaceuticals which could adversely affect the local receiving environment. 
Submitted By: Professor Paul Bardos WhoDoesWhat?      Last update: 24/02/2012

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