| Title: |
CPDW project – Assessment of cytotoxicological potential of products in contact with drinking water
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| Resource Type: |
document --> technical publication --> report
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| Country: |
EU Projects
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| Year: |
2004 |
| Availability: |
Enkiri, F. et al. (2004) CPDW project – Assessment of cytotoxicological potential of products in contact with drinking water. EC Report EUR 21397/1 EN 2004
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| Author 1/Producer: |
Enkiri, F.
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| Other Authors/Producers: |
Colle, D., T. Grummt, T., Matthews, C., Marcos, R., Westphal, H., Hoekstra, E.J., Philippe, M., Neveu, P.
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| Author / Producer Type: |
EC Project
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| Publisher: |
JRC
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| Publisher City: |
Document is downloadable from the JRC web site, but a direct link cannot be provided, so download via the search function
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| Report / download web link (=direct link): |
http://www.jrc.cec.eu.int
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| Format (e.g. PDF): |
PDF
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EUGRIS Keyword(s): |
Contaminated land-->Risk assessment-->Receptor: Water
Groundwater protection-->Groundwater protection overview
Water resources and their management -->Water resources and their management Overview
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| Short description: |
Development of a harmonised test to be used in the
European Acceptance Scheme concerning CPDW
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| Long description: |
This is a draft report of the WP on cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. It is a compilation of the
results and put together by the scientific co-ordinator. The WP is still working on reporting
the results in scientific and toxicological way. However, the conclusions and
recommendations will not change drastically. For the purpose of the Regulators and the
progress of the EAS this draft report was prepared.
It is of public interest that consumers are not exposed to toxic chemicals. Materials in
contact with drinking water may release toxic chemicals and therefore these materials have
to be approved for their purpose. Chemicals known from the formulation of the material
will need a toxicological evaluation before it can be used in a material covered by the EAS.
However, materials may also contain impurities and reaction products, which will not or
cannot be assessed toxicologically and/or which are not covered in any other assessment in
the EAS. In addition the toxic effect of a mixture of chemicals can be different compared
to the “sum of effects” of the individual chemicals of that mixture.
Many comparisons have already shown there is no correlation between organic compounds
detected by physical and chemical analysis and cytotoxic compounds: substances, which
are detected by GC-MS, are not necessarily toxic and obviously cytotoxic compounds are
not always detected by physical and chemical analysis. Although chemical analysis is
necessary, it is not sufficient and therefore a toxicological evaluation is also necessary:
these two methods are complementary.
So there is a need for rapid and reliable tests that detect toxic effects of chemicals released
by materials in contact with drinking water. Such test or test battery may be well fitted at
the end of the acceptance process of a material. It will be the final check on the suitability
of a material in contact with drinking water. The application of the test or test battery
requires a statistically robust design with reproducible and unambiguous test results in
order to treat all materials equally under regulation.
The current French Cytotoxicity Test (FCT) used in the French acceptance scheme was
considered as the most appropriate test for the EAS due to its objective endpoint. This test
is harmonised in this report.
Cytotoxicity tests only measure the potential metabolic effect of the compounds released
by the materials, and do not allow conclusions to be drawn about the potential mutagenetic
effects of those. Risks of the genome damages by molecules which are present in tap water
or which are released by CPDW can be considered as insignificant, this is why a
genotoxicity test should go alongside the cytotoxicity one.
The objectives of the work are:
• to make a review of the cytotoxicity tests applied to the water distribution systems in
European countries to fix variables for future tests, and a review of the available
genotoxicity tests to determine if one of them could be appropriate
• to carry out a realistic test of cytotoxicity with a range of organic, cementitious and
metallic materials
• to validate the results statistically
• to propose a validated procedure to test the cytotoxicity of leachates from CPDW which
can serve as a basis for a harmonised CEN standard and to provide acceptance criteria
for the EAS.
4
WP2 participants are still discussing the presentation and interpretation of the results. This
part of the report is the interpretation of the results by the scientific co-ordinator. It should
be considered as draft and may be due to changes. As for all other WPs a detailed separate
final report will be presented.
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Submitted By:
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Dr Stefan Gödeke WhoDoesWhat?
Last update: 10/10/2006
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